Satsuki Azalea (Rhododendron indicum) 'Korin'
The azalea bonsai is a blooming shrub that is often pruned into a flowering tree. Its rapid trunk development, easy container adaptability and beautiful blooms make it a popular selection for bonsai growers. Still, the azalea bonsai requires diligent care and attention for successful growth.
Pruning
Azalea bonsais have fine, fibrous feeder roots with only a few larger tap roots, all of which have very vigorous growth. Control your bonsai's root development by pruning the roots regularly. Avoid pruning all feeder roots simultaneously, however, because this could stunt the tree's growth. Prune branches and stems as required to meet your desired bonsai shape. Azalea bonsais prefer acidic soil content that can be promoted and maintained by adding small amounts of peat to your potting mixture, a #xBC; cup at a time.
Watering
Water your azalea bonsai regularly to ensure the soil maintains moisture. The soil of azalea bonsais can dry quickly. Your watering schedule should promote soil moisture without over-watering. The pot or container should have a drainage system or hole to prevent excessive water from resting on the roots. Excessive water causes the azalea's foliage and blooms to brown and can promote disease. Generally, an azalea bonsai should be watered two or three times per week. However, the watering schedule should be based on the tree's size and type, the size of the pot, the type of soil and climate conditions. Each tree will have its own schedule that should be adjusted as the tree grows. Check the bonsai's soil daily, feeling for moisture. If the soil feels dry, water the tree immediately.
Direct Sunlight
Azalea bonsais are sun-loving trees that require at least six to eight hours of direct sun each day. If the climate is warm, place the tree outside for a few hours each day. Otherwise, place your tree in an area of the home that provides direct sunlight and warmth. The chosen area also must be well-ventilated. This will promote healthy cell growth and development of the tree.
Fertilize
Fertilize your azalea bonsai once it begins to produce new foliage. Choose a mild organic fertilizer, in liquid or pellet form, with equal parts of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. Apply this combination every two weeks during the summer months. As fall approaches and the tree's growth slows, reduce the fertilization schedule to once per month, using less nitrogen in the fertilizer formula. No fertilization is needed during the winter months.
Spray
Spray your azalea bonsai once a week with a light water mist. The mist will reduce dust buildup. Remove fallen and spent leaves from the tree and its soil. Browning and spent leaves that are still on the tree should be pinched from the stem. These practices will reduce the tree's susceptibility to disease. Carefully observe your tree each day. If you find insects, browning, leaf drop or stickiness of foliage, your azalea bonsai may need an insecticidal treatment to reduce fungus and disease. Spray your tree with a mild insecticidal soap, following the directions on the product closely. This will eliminate the disease and control the pests.
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